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Glossary

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Lachesis

Lachesis is the genus of bushmaster snakes: large venomous pit vipers of Central and South America, named for the Fate; ecology, venom, and threats.

Large Block Trades: Definition, Role, & How They Work

A large block trade is the sale or purchase of a significant volume of securities in one transaction. They are often negotiated privately between two parties

Large Cap

Large cap crypto refers to cryptocurrencies with high market capitalization, typically over $10B, offering greater liquidity and stability than small caps.

Latency Arbitrage: How It Works, Strategies, and Examples

Latency arbitrage exploits tiny delays in market data to trade on outdated prices for profit. Learn how HFT firms use co-location and how to detect it.

Latency benchmarking

Latency benchmarking is the process of measuring and evaluating the time delay experienced in a system or network when processing data or executing tasks.

Latency Optimization

Latency optimization is reducing delay across network, system, and server layers to speed responses, with types, causes, and strategies to cut lag.

Law of Accelerating Returns

Law of Accelerating Returns: the idea that technological progress compounds exponentially, driving faster paradigm shifts and reshaping society.

Layer 0

Layer 0 refers to the foundational level in a multi-layered system, often representing the base infrastructure or initial stage in a hierarchical structure.

Layer 2

Layer 2 is a secondary protocol atop a blockchain that handles transactions off-chain to boost scalability, cut fees, and speed up Ethereum activity.

Layer-2 rollups

Layer-2 rollups bundle transactions off-chain and submit summaries on-chain to scale Ethereum with lower fees, including zk and optimistic approaches.

Layer-2 solutions

Layer-2 solutions are protocols built atop blockchains to boost throughput, cut fees, and speed transactions while preserving security.

Ledger Reconciliation

Ledger reconciliation is matching general ledger entries to bank statements and invoices to verify balances, correct errors, and support audits.

Liability

Liability is a legal or financial obligation to settle debts or duties. It covers absolute and contingent liability and liabilities on the balance sheet.

Libp2p

Libp2p is a modular peer-to-peer networking framework that provides peer discovery, transport abstraction, and secure channels for decentralized apps.

Licensed Business

Licensed business: an entity with required government permits to operate legally, with license types, registration steps, fees, and renewals.

Limit FOK order

FOK order (Fill or Kill) definition: a limit order that must execute immediately and in full at the specified price, or it cancels to avoid partial fills.

Limit IOC order

Limit IOC order: an Immediate-or-Cancel limit that executes instantly at your price or better; any remaining shares are canceled. Used in fast markets.

Limit order

A limit order is an instruction to buy or sell at a specified price or better, offering control over price but no guarantee of execution.

Liquidity aggregation

Liquidity aggregation refers to the process of consolidating liquidity from multiple sources to provide a more comprehensive and efficient trading environment.

Liquidity Aggregator in Crypto and FX: How It Works

A liquidity aggregator combines pricing from multiple venues into a single execution feed. Learn how aggregators work in crypto, FX, and institutional trading.

Liquidity drain

Liquidity drain is a reduction of cash in the financial system, tightening bank reserves and raising funding costs; managed via QT and Fed reverse repo.

Liquidity flow

Liquidity flow is the movement of liquid assets and cash, showing a firm’s ability to meet short‑term obligations; covers key ratios, LCR, and risk.

Liquidity Fragmentation: Definition and Role in Crypto

Liquidity fragmentation is the spreading of market liquidity across multiple venues. In crypto, it often involves DEXs, centralized exchanges CEXs, and DeFi protocols.

Liquidity metrics

Liquidity metrics are ratios that gauge a company's ability to meet short-term obligations, including current, quick, cash, and liquidity coverage ratios.

Liquidity Mining

Liquidity mining is providing crypto to DEX pools to earn trading fees and token rewards, with risks like impermanent loss and smart contract bugs.

Liquidity mining rewards

Liquidity mining rewards are incentives for providing liquidity on DeFi pools, usually extra tokens and fee shares, with risks such as impermanent loss.

Liquidity optimization

Liquidity optimization is managing cash inflows, outflows, and short-term investments to meet obligations, reduce risk, and improve working capital.

Liquidity Pool

A liquidity pool is a collection of funds locked in a smart contract, used to facilitate trading on decentralized exchanges and lending platforms by providing liquidity.

Liquidity pool rewards

Liquidity rewards are incentives for supplying tokens to DeFi pools, earned from trading fees and extra programs, with risks such as impermanent loss.

Liquidity provider

A liquidity provider is an entity that buys and sells assets to keep markets liquid, narrowing spreads, enabling quick trades, and stabilizing prices.

Liquidity stress testing models

Liquidity stress testing models are analytical tools used by financial institutions to evaluate their ability to meet short-term obligations under adverse conditions.

Liquid market

A liquid market is one where assets trade quickly at stable prices thanks to high volume and many buyers and sellers, keeping transaction costs low.

Liquid Staking

Liquid staking is a DeFi mechanism to stake crypto on PoS networks while staying liquid via LSTs you can trade or use, earning staking rewards.

Liquid Staking Derivatives

Liquid staking derivatives (LSDs) are tokens representing staked crypto, letting you keep liquidity for DeFi use while continuing to earn staking rewards.

Load Balancing

Load balancing distributes network traffic across multiple servers to keep apps fast and available, with common types and algorithms explained.

Load Shedding

Load shedding is a controlled power cut by utilities to balance electricity demand and supply and prevent grid collapse with causes, impacts and mitigation

Loan to value (LTV)

Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio measures the loan amount against the asset's value, guiding lenders' risk assessment in mortgages and other secured loans.

Loan to value (LTV)

Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio measures the loan amount against the asset's value, guiding lenders' risk assessment in mortgages and other secured loans.

Local Payment Methods: Examples and Use in Ecommerce

Local payment methods are the payment options consumers prefer in specific regions: bank transfers, digital wallets, cash. Learn examples and why they matter.

Long position

Long position: buying a security expecting its price to rise; contrasts with short selling; covers stocks, options, risks, hedging, and margin.

Loss Prevention

Loss prevention is the retail practice of reducing theft, fraud, and operational errors through security, employee training, policies, and technology.

Lower High

"Lower High" refers to a point in a downtrend where the price reaches a peak that is lower than the previous peak, indicating continued downward momentum.

Low Latency

Low latency is minimal delay in data transmission, crucial for streaming, gaming, and high-frequency trading, achieved via CDNs and edge computing.

Loyalty Program

A loyalty program is a structured marketing strategy rewarding repeat purchases to boost retention; explore points, tiers, and value-based models.

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